which software was the first available for microcomputers quizlet

The Selective Sequence Electronic Calculator (SSEC) project, led by IBM engineer Wallace Eckert, uses both relays and vacuum tubes to process scientific data at the rate of 50 14 x 14 digit multiplications per second. At the 2006 World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) announces it will create a program to deliver technology and resources to targeted schools in the least developed countries. True/False B. The Apple Mac computer running the Mac OS System 1 was the first commercially available computer with a graphical user interface. The first Kindle featured wireless access to content via Amazon.com, along with an SD card slot allowing increased storage. It would serve as the model for several other significant multi-processor systems that would be among the fastest in the world. The J-Phone line would quickly expand, releasing a flip-phone version just a month later. This is likely the first example of remote access computing. 25. So in 1971, Starkweather transferred to Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), away from corporate oversight. It managed Japan's first on-line, real-time reservation system for Kinki Nippon Railways in 1960. Which software tool would be helpful for preparing a newsletter? The micro has to have a real . Cameras would become a significant part of most phones within a year, and several countries have even passed laws regulating their use. The Paragon at Caltech was named the fastest supercomputer in the world in 1992. Bruce Arthur Artwick (born January 1, 1953) [1] is an American software engineer. Columbia Supercomputer system made up of SGI Altix. The PROMs contained a disk operating system, allowing. Running on dual IBM 7090 mainframe computer systems, SABRE was inspired by IBMs earlier work on the SAGE air-defense system. CHAPTER 1 questions & answers for quizzes and worksheets - Quizizz Wilkes' ideas grew out of the Moore School lectures he had attended three years earlier. Select the power connector that is specified by the ATX Version 2.2 standard, which allows more power to the motherboard for PCI Express (PCIe) devices. Definition. System/360 is a major event in the history of computing. most important part of computer. Weighing 24 pounds and costing $1,795, the Osborne 1 is the first mass-produced portable computer. For many business users, quick access to this huge storage capability outweighed its relatively slow processing speed. SABRE is a joint project between American Airlines and IBM. The astronauts were responsible for entering more than 10,000 commands into the AGC for each trip between Earth and the Moon. The word "computer" was first used in 1613 in the book The Yong Mans Gleanings by Richard Braithwaite and originally described a human who performed calculations or computations. Quiz 1. Microcomputers for Twenty-First Century Educators (Paperback, 4th ed) / Author: Lockard / Author: Abrams / Author: "Many ; 9780673524560 ; Educational resources & technology, Education, Social sciences, Books What have recent studies of online school performance compared with traditional school performance shown? Selling for $1,750, the Micral never penetrated the U.S. market. Designed by John V. Blankenbaker using standard medium-- and small-scale integrated circuits, the Kenbak-1 relied on switches for input and lights for output from its 256-byte memory. OS/2 was the first advanced GUI operating system for Intel-based microcomputers, and has been around for a few years. Compaq licensed the MS-DOS operating system from Microsoft and legally reverse-engineered IBMs BIOS software. Computers | Timeline of Computer History | Computer History Museum The electronic circuits (registers) of the arithmetic- logic unit perform both the arithmetic and logic functions needed for the software instructions to be executed. What is the first step when designing and creating a web page or website? VTech, founded in Hong Kong, had been a manufacturer of Pong-like games and educational toys when they introduce the Laser 128 computer. The EDSAC project was led by Cambridge professor and director of the Cambridge Computation Laboratory, Maurice Wilkes. The SSEC was one of the last of the generation of 'super calculators' to be built using electromechanical technology. Microcomputer was formerly a commonly used term for personal computers, particularly any of a class of small digital computers whose CPU is contained on a single integrated semiconductor chip. On April 7, IBM announced five models of System/360, spanning a 50-to-1 performance range. Commodores Amiga 1000 is announced with a major event at New York's Lincoln Center featuring celebrities like Andy Warhol and Debbie Harry of the musical group Blondie. . The micro should be an extremely low power device even if this raises the cost of the project. ENIAC used panel-to-panel wiring and switches for programming, occupied more than 1,000 square feet, used about 18,000 vacuum tubes and weighed 30 tons. History of computing hardware (1960s-present) - Wikipedia Cuthbert Hurd (standing) and Thomas Watson, Sr. at IBM 701 console. The Treo sold well, and the line continued until Handspring was purchased by Palm in 2003. Quizlet ch3.pdf - 3/21/2021 Chapter 3: Computer Hardware An early transistorized computer, the NEAC (Nippon Electric Automatic Computer) includes a CPU, console, paper tape reader and punch, printer and magnetic tape units. Which two kinds of software are designed primarily for use by individuals rather than by groups of students? Instead of designing a custom controller, two young engineers from Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) -- Gordon Bell and Edson de Castro -- do something unusual: they develop a small, general purpose computer and program it to do the job. The company called it a connected organizer rather than a PDA to emphasize this ability. ex..pentium, celeron, athlon. Microsoft Apps That same year in Germany, engineer Konrad Zuse built his Z2 computer, also using telephone company relays. Working under Tom Kilburn at Englands Manchester University, Richard Grimsdale and Douglas Webb demonstrate a prototype transistorized computer, the "Manchester TC", on November 16, 1953. Since the release of the Macintosh in 1984, Apple has placed emphasis on high-resolution graphics and display technologies. SWAC was used to solve problems in numerical analysis, including developing climate models and discovering five previously unknown Mersenne prime numbers. The Apple II, one of the first commercially successful microcomputers, was debuted at the inaugural show of which annual computer industry conference? The US Navy Tactical Data System uses computers to integrate and display shipboard radar, sonar and communications data. IBMs 7000 series of mainframe computers are the companys first to use transistors. The Lisa ran on a Motorola 68000 microprocessor and came equipped with 1 MB of RAM, a 12-inch black-and-white monitor, dual 5.25-inch floppy disk drives and a 5 MB Profile hard drive. The device's success led to the creation of MIT Lincoln Laboratory in 1951. The Alpha processor designs were eventually acquired by Compaq, which, along with Intel, phased out the Alpha architecture in favor of the HP/Itanium microprocessor. Curt Herzstark was an Austrian engineer who worked in his familys manufacturing business until he was arrested by the Nazis in 1943. The PC era ended Wangs success, and it filed for bankruptcy in 1992. The company sold about 200 machines, losing $500 per unit. The British Broadcasting Corporations Computer Literacy Project hoped to introduce interested adults to the world of computers. Acorn produces a popular computer, the BBC Microcomputer System, so viewers at home could follow along on their own home computers as they watched the program. The machines system of connections and switches let processors broadcast information and requests for help to other processors in a simulation of brain-like associative recall. Which of the following is not a file format in which audio-video files can be imported from a source and stored in a computer? After being successfully used for decades, NTDS was phased out in favor of the newer AEGIS system in the 1980s. The C64, as it is better known, sells for $595, comes with 64 KB of RAM and features impressive graphics. The first IBM system to include Intels 80386 chip, the company ships more than 1 million units by the end of the first year. a. Mac OS b. DOS (Disk Operating System) c. desktop operating system d. Linux 0 points QUESTION 2 1. Output was displayed on the users home TV screen through use of an adapter. Information Management System Chapter 3 Quiz - CourseBB Spectra systems were marketed on the basis of their compatibility with the IBM System/360 series of computer since it implemented the IBM 360 instruction set and could run most IBM software with little or no modification. The function of an output device is to: Selected Answer: Convert electronic information produced by the computer system into human-intelligible form for presentation to end-users. The TI 99/4 sold well and led to a series of TI follow-on machines. High packaging density of integrated circuits and a novel Freon cooling system also contributed to its speed. Combined with an enhanced bus interface unit, the microprocessor doubled the performance of the 386 without increasing the clock rate. D. Xerox PARC physicist Gary Starkweather realizes in 1967 that exposing a copy machines light-sensitive drum to a paper original isnt the only way to create an image. Mathematician George Stibitz recommends using a relay-based calculator for the project. What is the best statement about your choice of a microcontroller for the project? Chuck Peddle leads a small team of former Motorola employees to build a low-cost microprocessor. Airline reservation agents working with SABRE. The Apple Newton Personal Digital Assistant. A special version, known as HARVEST, was developed for the US National Security Agency (NSA). Steve Jobs, forced out of Apple in 1985, founds a new company NeXT. Be, founded by former Apple executive Jean Louis Gasse and a number of former Apple, NeXT and SUN employees, releases their only product the BeBox. To reduce its size, the traditional hard drive was replaced with a solid-state disk, the first mass-market computer to do so. A full-scale working replica of the ABC was completed in 1997, proving that the ABC machine functioned as Atanasoff had claimed. These microcomputers were often sold as "DIY" kits or pre-built machines in relatively small numbers in the mid-1970s.These systems were primarily used for teaching the use of microprocessors and supporting peripheral devices, and unlike home computers were rarely used with pre-written application software. Plans for the Mark-8 cost $5 and the blank circuit boards were available for $50. At a cost to computer makers of roughly $700, the ASR-33 Teletype is originally designed as a low cost terminal for the Western Union communications network. It presents an approach to the technology and the implementation prOblem, documented with information about specific transit applica-tions. It was also one of the first computers to use all-diode logic, a technology more reliable than vacuum tubes. Hewlett and Packard in their garage workshop. Lisa is the first commercial personal computer with a graphical user interface (GUI). That means if you want to get started collecting microcomputers, knowing which system to go for first can be overwhelming. A large amount of software was created for the BBC Micro, including educational, productivity, and game programs. In 1984, Michael Dell creates PC's Limited while still a student of the University of Texas at Austin. After the success of the first LEO, Lyons went into business manufacturing computers to meet the growing need for data processing systems in business. Millions of Apple IIs were sold between 1977 and 1993, making it one of the longest-lived lines of personal computers. The Canadian Chalk River Nuclear Lab needed a special device to monitor a reactor. The Invention of the PC These innovations made it cheaper and easier to. and taking up a volume of less than 1 cubic foot. After the success of the PET, Commodore remained a major player in the personal computer market into the 1990s. These are the two categories people usually use to describe tutorial software functions. Microcomputer - Wikipedia HP Netserver LM, one of the first to use Intel's Pentium. The 1401 mainframe, the first in the series, replaces earlier vacuum tube technology with smaller, more reliable transistors. Term. At 4 million operations per second and 4 kilobytes of memory, the 80386 gave PCs as much speed and power as older mainframes and minicomputers. Compaq beats IBM to the market when it announces the Deskpro 386, the first computer on the market to use Intels new 80386 chip, a 32-bit microprocessor with 275,000 transistors on each chip. Types of Software used in Business - MBA Knowledge Base Designed by Sunnyvale, California native Steve Wozniak, and marketed by his friend Steve Jobs, the Apple-1 is a single-board computer for hobbyists. During three years of production, IBM sells 19 701s to research laboratories, aircraft companies, and the federal government. What type of integration strategy is a teacher using when she has her students link up with local writers who critique the students' stories and email them feedback before their work is finalized and posted online? The first microcomputers (images) - CNET The fastest machine of its day, The Cray-1's speed comes partly from its shape, a "C," which reduces the length of wires and thus the time signals need to travel across them. Originally a joint project with IBM and Microsoft, OS/2 is know maintained by IBM, and was a competitive product to the various MS Windows programs. Which of the following is an online course characteristic that supports success? The typical PDP-1 computer system, which sells for about $120,000, includes a cathode ray tube graphic display, paper tape input/output, needs no air conditioning and requires only one operator; all of which become standards for minicomputers. At the top of the line was the Model 7030, also known as "Stretch." FTCE Physical Education Certification Exam, Alan S. Willsky, Alan V. Oppenheim, Hamid Nawab, Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics and Dynamics, Brian Self, David Mazurek, E. Russell Johnston, Ferdinand Beer, Phillip Cornwell, 3.8.1 - Strategic direction: choosing which m, BCPS 2018: Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders. The motes were powered by a tiny battery and could gain light energy through a photocell, which was enough to feed the infinitesimally small amount of energy a mote consumes (1 picowatt). Wi-Fi "We are trying to build a machine to do all kinds of different things simply by programming rather than by the addition of extra apparatus," Turing said at a symposium on large-scale digital calculating machinery in 1947 in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Officially known as the Track Write, the automatically expanding full-sized keyboard used by the ThinkPad 701 is designed by inventor John Karidis. Programmer Arthur Samuels used the 701 to write the first computer program designed to play checkers. Hundreds of allied bombes were built in order to determine the daily rotor start positions of Enigma cipher machines, which in turn allowed the Allies to decrypt German messages. Students included future computing pioneers such as Maurice Wilkes, Claude Shannon, David Rees, and Jay Forrester. The upgraded and faster Tianhe-1A used Intel Xeon CPUs as well, but switched to nVidia's Tesla GPUs and added more than 2,000 Fei-Tang (SPARC-based) processors. Only one month later, another one million Raspberry Pis were delivered. One of the first commercially produced computers, the companys first customer was the US Navy. When Xerox PARC loaned the Stanford Engineering Department an entire Alto Ethernet network with laser printer, graduate student Andy Bechtolsheim re-designed it into a prototype that he then attached to Stanfords computer network. Once limited to surfing the Web, browsers are becoming the universal software platform on which end users launch into information searches, E-mail, multimedia file transfer, discussion groups, and many other Internet, intranet, and extranet applications. The company was incorporated by three 26-year-old Stanford alumni: Bechtolsheim, Vinod Khosla and Scott McNealy. They did. The first of several personal computers released in 1977, the PET comes fully assembled with either 4 or 8 KB of memory, a built-in cassette tape drive, and a membrane keyboard. The first large-scale computer communications network, SAGE connects 23 hardened computer sites in the US and Canada. By the early 1990s, Dell became one of the leading computer retailers. Approximately 90 percent of PCs run some version of Windows. Tailored for online transaction processing, the Tandem-16 is one of the first commercial fault-tolerant computers. Beginning with the VAX-11/780, the Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) VAX family of computers rivals much more expensive mainframe computers in performance and features the ability to address over 4 GB of virtual memory, hundreds of times the capacity of most minicomputers. Wang sold the 2200 primarily through Value Added Resellers, who added special software to solve specific customer problems. User interface Which of the following is not a quality to look for in well-developed tutorial software? The Institute of Advanced Study (IAS) computer is a multi-year research project conducted under the overall supervision of world-famous mathematician John von Neumann. Operator at Complex Number Calculator (CNC). It was the fastest computer in the world from November 2009 to June 2010. Total Cards. At the same press conference, IBM also announced 40 completely new peripherals for the new family. The machines were used by the Chinese Academy of Sciences to run massive solar energy simulations, as well as some of the most complex molecular studies ever undertaken. Spinning at 12,500 rpm, the 650s magnetic data-storage drum allowed much faster access to stored information than other drum-based machines. B. Modeled after the Cambridge University EDSAC computer, the president of Lyons Tea Co. has the LEO built to solve the problem of production scheduling and delivery of cakes to the hundreds of Lyons tea shops around England. Answer: . What is a prominent research finding regarding students who engage in computer programming activities? The PowerBook 100 was the entry-level machine, while the PowerBook 140 was more powerful and had a larger memory. The Difference Engine #2 at the Science Museum, London. A computer could write it with a laser instead. That's not as trivial. Invention of the PC - HISTORY H. Edward Roberts, the Florida-born former U.S. Air Force officer who headed MITS, decided to design a small, affordable computer around the Intel 8080. Among the lecturers were early computer designers like John von Neumann, Howard Aiken, J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly, as well as mathematicians including Derrick Lehmer, George Stibitz, and Douglas Hartree. EE3463 Test 1 Written S15.docx - Name_Banner ID_ Page 1 of Linux - Wikipedia The knowledge and technologies developed for the Stretch project played a major role in the design, management, and manufacture of the later IBM System/360--the most successful computer family in IBM history. The first advertisement for a microprocessor, the Intel 4004, appears in Electronic News. After the war, Herzstarks Curta made history as the smallest all-mechanical, four-function calculator ever built. Called the Model K Adder because he built it on his Kitchen table, this simple demonstration circuit provides proof of concept for applying Boolean logic to the design of computers, resulting in construction of the relay-based Model I Complex Calculator in 1939. An ecologist, for example, could sprinkle thousands of motes from the air onto a field and measure soil and air temperature, moisture, and sunlight, giving them accurate real-time data about the environment. The TRS-80 line of computers later included color, portable, and handheld versions before being discontinued in the early 1990s. Which software was the first available for microcomputers? [2] Palm could be connected to a PC or Mac using a serial port to synchronize sync both computer and Palm. It was named after John von Neumann, a world famous mathematician and computer pioneer of the day. Customers got a machine with a 233-MHz G3 processor, 4GB hard drive, 32MB of RAM, a CD-ROM drive, and a 15" monitor. Replacing their Archimedes computer, the RISC PC from UK's Acorn Computers uses the ARMv3 RISC microprocessor. The NBS also built the Standards Western Automatic Computer (SWAC) at the Institute for Numerical Analysis on the UCLA campus. The TRS-80 proved popular with schools, as well as for home use. Leaving Palm Inc., Ed Colligan, Donna Dubinsky, and Jeff Hawkins found Handspring. FoxBase was originally released for the Apple II in 1984, followed by versions for the Commodore 64, IBM PC, and Atari ST. A version for the Macintosh was also released in 1985. workstations. Follow-on versions of the Kindle added further audio-video capabilities. This was the first program in history to run on a digital, electronic, stored-program computer. The PET was popular with schools and for use as a home computer. He is the creator of the first consumer flight simulator software. The Alto is a groundbreaking computer with wide influence on the computer industry. With an order for 50 assembled systems from Mountain View, California computer store The Byte Shop in hand, the pair started a new company, naming it Apple Computer, Inc. The device was considered the earliest non-kit personal computer. ____ operating systems are typically used for a network platform. MADDIDA was flown across the country for a demonstration to John von Neumann, who was impressed. Each Cray-1 took a full year to assemble and test and cost about $10 million. Ed de Castro, its main designer and co-founder of Data General, had earlier led the team that created the DEC PDP-8. The 400 served primarily as a game console, while the 800 was more of a home computer. The Univac 1 is the first commercial computer to attract widespread public attention. When Was the First Computer Invented? - Computer Hope's Free Computer Help Kilburn (left) and Williams in front of 'Baby'. The design packed 800 vacuum tubes into a relatively compact 12 square feet. A microcomputer contains a microprocessor (a central processing unit on a microchip ), memory in the form of read-only memory and random access memory , . While Sun workstations didn't utilize commodity PC hardware like Linux was later developed for, it represented the . Built by IBM using their Blue Gene/Q supercomputer architecture, the Sequoia system is the world's fastest supercomputer in 2012. After retiring their initial Visor series of PDAs, Handspring introduced the Treo line of smartphones, designed with built-in keyboards, cameras, and the Palm operating system. The LINC was later commercialized by DEC and sold as the LINC-8. The TI99/4 had a wide variety of expansion boards, with an especially popular speech synthesis system that could also be used with TI's Speak & Spell educational game. 0.5 out of 0.5 points. Three types of the M3 were available two types that measured either temperature or pressure and one that could take images. Survey of Operating Systems Chapter #1 Flashcards | Quizlet The IBM PC was widely copied (cloned) and led to the creation of a vast ecosystem of software, peripherals, and other commodities for use with the platform. (C) The Regent Corporation's microcomputer can be used in conjunction with higher-priced microcomputers manufactured by other companies. Apple had initially included a handle in their Macintosh computers to encourage users to take their Macs on the go, though not until five years after the initial introduction does Apple introduce a true portable computer. Demand called for more than 12,000 of the 1401 computers, and the machines success made a strong case for using general-purpose computers rather than specialized systems. MIS 3371 Management information systems - Chegg Level. Headquartered in Maynard, Massachusetts, Digital Equipment Corporation, took over 8,680 square foot leased space in a nineteenth century mill that once produced blankets and uniforms for soldiers who fought in the Civil War. The RISC PC was used widely in UK broadcast television and in music production. The iPad combines many of the popular capabilities of the iPhone, such as built-in high-definition camera, access to the iTunes Store, and audio-video capabilities, but with a nine-inch screen and without the phone.

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